The kaduna state malaria surveillance system is meeting its objectives. Development of surveillance systems american journal of. Malaria surveillance, monitoring and evaluation manual. Malaria case reports were submitted to cdc through the national malaria surveillance system nmss and the national notifiable diseases surveillance system nndss 14. An example of a surveillance evaluation that examined pvp was reported by barker et al. Malaria surveillance system evaluation, oyo state, nigeria. Successful implementation and use of epidemia is an important step forward in the use of epidemiological and environmental informatics systems for malaria surveillance. The reporting completeness and potential bias of such data needs assessment. An evaluation of the national malaria surveillance system of bhutan. As countries approach malaria elimination, these activities will need to shift from measuring reductions in morbidity and mortality, to detecting infections with or without symptoms and measuring transmission. Malaria is a parasitic disease caused by plasmodium falciparum.
Although both systems rely on passive reporting, the number of cases might vary because of differences in date classifications. Challenges to the identification of nascent malaria epidemics include obtaining recent epidemiological surveillance data, spatially and temporally harmonizing this information with timely data on environmental precursors, applying models for early detection and early warning, and. Data sources included a search of publically available literature, vdcp program data, and interviews with malaria surveillance personnel. Regular and relevant evaluations of surveillance systems are essential to improve their performance and costeffectiveness. An evaluation of the bhutans national malaria surveillance system from 2006 to 2012 was conducted using the cdc guidelines for evaluating public health surveillance systems. It is divided into three sections, each addressing one of these three communicable diseases. A proposal to improve data comparability in the eu was presented to the ecdc advisory forum on 5 may 2011. Evaluation methods for malaria this track includes modules on basic concepts of evaluation, statistical concepts, process evaluation, impact evaluation, and practical applications of evaluation in malaria programs. Malaria surveillance guidelines from the world health organization and other technical bodies were used to identify the characteristics of an optimal surveillance system, against which systems of. Surveillance programs have assumed such a central role in planning and evaluation that they have been termed the foundation of all public health practice 1, p.
The oyo state idsr malaria surveillance system is simple, flexible, acceptable and useful, however it is not representative, not timely, and data quality is low. Malaria cases are often concentrated in geographic areas or among specific populations. Each section describes gaps in the current surveillance systems, and presents a core set of indicators and data collection methods for each. Evaluation of any surveillance system is the corner stone for its improvement and ensuring proper morbidity and mortality monitoring.
Performance evaluation of zanzibars malaria case notification mcn surveillance system. The purpose of this midterm evaluation was to assess defeat malaria implementation and performance to date and make actionable recommendations for improvements needed to meet the activitys intended objectives. Monitoring and evaluation systems provide that data and, as such, are the cornerstone of the response to aids, tb and malaria and of efforts to build resilient and sustainable health systems. The national malaria surveillance system provides information on the occurrence of malaria as defined by the cdc. A data surveillance system the disease data management system ddms in use for malaria was adapted for use in the indian visceral leishmaniasis elimination programme. In march 2018, who released a reference manual on malaria surveillance, monitoring and evaluation that provides guidance on global surveillance standards and guides countries in their efforts to strengthen surveillance systems and use their own data to make evidenceinformed decisions. Here you can complete our public elearning course as well as access information regarding additional workshops and events. An evaluation of the national malaria surveillance system of. An evaluation of the performance of surveillance systems in 16 countries was conducted to identify key gaps which could be addressed to build. An evaluation of the bhutans national malaria surveillance system from. Data on 17 malaria indicators were extracted from the integrated disease surveillance and response system database for july 2004 to june 2009 ethiopian calendar reporting.
A strong surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation sme system is needed to measure progress and achievement to inform future efforts and investments. Pdf evaluation of malaria surveillance system ebonyi state. Anglophone regional workshop on surveillance, monitoring. Malaria surveillance, monitoring and evaluation manual malaria policy advisory committee mpac meeting 2224 march 2017, geneva, switzerland. Investments in surveillance prior to transition of epidemiology 6. Stratified surveillance for heterogeneous epidemiology 5. This strategy included a longterm vision for malaria control in which sustained high coverage with malaria prevention and treatment interv entions would progressively lead to malaria free zones in africa, with the ultimate goal. Evaluation of malaria surveillance system in ebonyi state, nigeria.
The evaluation was conducted using the center for disease control guidelines for evaluating public health surveillance systems. Find resources and information about how pmi is leveraging innovative monitoring and evaluation to improve strategies in the fight against malaria. Adaptation of a malaria surveillance system for use in a. Methods evaluation design and approach the 6 steps of cdc updated guidelines on evaluation of a public health surveillance system were followed. This compendium is designed for national malaria program nmp personnel, who need to learn sme skills quickly and. An evaluation of the performance of surveillance systems in 16. Evaluation of communitybased systems for the surveillance. Download a pdf of the full course or download the individual modules below.
Strengthening surveillance systems for malaria elimination. However, the surveillance system performance is fraught with challenges including poor data quality with varying magnitude by state. Blood slide quality assurance and control through formal assessment of slide. Evaluation of malaria surveillance system in ebonyi state, nigeria, 2014.
Both systems rely on passive reporting, and the number of cases might differ e. Midterm performance evaluation of myanmar defeat malaria activity. Surveillance is a core component of an effective system to support malaria elimination. Evaluation of two malaria surveillance systems in yemen using. Pdf malaria surveillance system evaluation, oyo state. Pdf evaluation of malaria surveillance system in kano. World malaria report 2017 world health organization. In recent years, a number of malaria goals and objectives had been adopted globally. Cureus evaluation of the completeness and timeliness of. This strategy included a longterm vision for malaria control in which sustained high coverage with malaria prevention and treatment interventions would progressively lead to malaria free zones in africa, with the ultimate goal of worldwide malaria eradication by 20402050.
Efforts should be made to integrate tertiary and private health facilities into the system. Antoine, jarbas barbosa, and marcelo bortman for contributing lessons learned, to robert mullan ph consultant, atlanta, ga for his written contributions on the first part, and. The purpose of this evaluation was to assess the ability of the surveillance system from 2006 to 2012 to meet the objectives of the bhutan vectorborne disease control program vdcp and to highlight priorities requiring attention as the nation transitions to elimination. Subsequently, a working group of 22 disease surveillance experts from 16 countries was established, with a mandate to develop a handbook on data quality monitoring and surveillance system evaluation. Malaria case reports were submitted to cdc through the national malaria surveillance system nmss and the national notifiable diseases surveillance system nndss 16.
Malaria surveillance system evaluation, sunyani municipality. Evaluating the attributes of the malaria surveillance system in qatar will help identify any gaps necessitating rectification. Research article open access evaluation of malaria surveillance system in kano state, nigeria, 202016 tyakaray ibrahim visa1, olufemi ajumobi1,2,3, eniola bamgboye4, ikeoluwapo ajayi1,4 and patrick nguku1,5 abstract background. This included engaging the stake holders, describing the malaria surveillance system and gathering evidence regarding the performance of the system. Surveillance, monitoring and evaluation were critical activities for measuring how. Pdf evaluation of malaria surveillance system in kano state. Cdc received 2,078 reports of confirmed malaria cases and 10 reports of suspected cases tested by rdt only among persons in the united states and its territories with onset of symptoms during 2016, which is a 36. Mediterranean to strengthen the surveillance, monitoring and evaluation system for malaria. Beginning in 2010, pmi, in collaboration with roll back malaria rbm and the global fund, has supported indepth evaluations of impact of malaria control, which assess the extent to which the roll out of malaria control interventions has had an impact on allcause mortality rates among children under the age of five. Intercountry workshop on malaria surveillance, monitoring.
Data collected includes clinical and epidemiologic data regarding each case, including travel information for the infected person. With this in mind several organizations have developed evaluation approaches to facilitate the design and implementation of these evaluations. National malaria control programme also participation in the drafting and dissemination of demographic and health survey dhs 2014 report, held research working group meeting, conducted research into the economic burden of malaria in ghana and on factors contributing to high malaria mortality in the northern region of ghana. Pillar 3 of the global technical strategy for malaria 20162030 calls for the transformation of malaria surveillance into a core intervention in all malaria endemic countries and in those countries that have eliminated malaria but remain susceptible to reestablishment of transmission. Pdf evaluation of the kaduna state, nigeria malaria. Surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation of malaria. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the surveillance system and assess the attributes and make appropriate recommendations we interviewed stakeholders and key informants using semistructured questionnaires to understand the system operations.
Zanzibar has instituted a malaria surveillance system for elimination, termed the malaria case notification mcn system in 2012. Monitoring involves the continuous oversight of ongoing activities. Harmonised surveillance framework for hiv and aids. An evaluation of the national malaria surveillance system.
Jan 27, 2016 a surveillance system with high pvp will lead to fewer wildgoose chases and wasted resources. Conclusion our study has identified several merits and areas of improvement in the national malaria surveillance system in qatar. Evaluation of malaria surveillance system in kano state, nigeria, 202016 tyakaray ibrahim visa1, olufemi ajumobi1,2,3, eniola bamgboye4, ikeoluwapo ajayi1,4 and patrick nguku1,5 abstract background. Objectiveto conduct a fieldbased assessment of the malaria outbreak surveillance system in mashonaland east, zimbabwe. Introductioninfectious disease outbreaks, such as the ebola outbreak in west africa, highlight the need for surveillance systems to quickly detect outbreaks and provide data to prevent future pandemics. Member states of sadc, through their programme managers and other focal points for monitoring and evaluation, provided information about member states programmes, and coordinated discussions with other stakeholders during the field. Welcome to the virtual platform for measure evaluation of malaria. Langmuir asserted that its proper use in public health meant the systematic reporting of infectious diseases, the analysis and epidemiologic interpretation of data, and both prompt and widespread dissemination of results. The assessment of timeliness and stakeholder interaction.
Malaria surveillance system evaluation, oyo state, nigeria 2012 conference paper pdf available in international journal of infectious diseases 21s1 june 2014 with 696 reads. The malaria eradication research agenda malera consultative group on monitoring, evaluation, and surveillance present a research and development agenda for the tools required to monitor and evaluate progress toward malaria eradication. A modified checklist of specific questions for the evaluation of malaria surveillance system was developed. Effective malaria surveillance system is essential in the control and elimination of malaria. Overview of evaluating surveillance systems centers for disease. Evaluation of malaria surveillance system in ebonyi state. Monitoring, evaluation, and surveillance of malaria.
Strong malaria surveillance systems also help countries. Mfps need more training on malaria reporting to improve timeliness and data quality. In nigeria, more attention is being given to this recently as the country is striving towards achieving elimination. The checklist was selfadministered to various stakeholders. Successful public practice relies on generation and use of highquality data. Monitoring, evaluation, and surveillance of malaria programs. A strong malaria information systemincluding effective surveillance, monitoring and evaluation sme, and a strengthened routine health information system rhiscan provide timely and reliable data.
Evaluation of communitybased systems for the surveillance of day threepositive plasmodium falciparum cases in western cambodia jonathan cox1,2, lek dy soley3,4, tol bunkea3, siv sovannaroth3, kheang soy ty5, song ngak6, steven bjorge7, pascal ringwald8, steven mellor9, david sintasath10 and sylvia meek2 abstract. Surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation sme plays a vital role in all malaria control and prevention programs. Fieldbased evaluation of malaria outbreak detection. Evaluation of the completeness and timeliness of national malaria. However, challenges are observed in its timeliness, representativeness, and data quality. The attributes of evaluation, completeness and timeliness, need more quality improvement. Malaria surveillance system strengthening is essential in the progress towards malaria elimination. According to the world health organization who malaria surveillance and monitoring reference manual, all major components of a malaria. Mcn relies on cell phone reporting to transmit data on all malaria cases detected at health facilities, and tracks all positive cases to their household to test all household members for malaria. This study aimed to assess and compare the usefulness and attributes of the two malaria surveillance systems. Monitoring, evaluation, and surveillance measure how well public health programs operate over time and achieve their goals. Early indication of an emerging malaria epidemic can provide an opportunity for proactive interventions.
Currently, the national malaria control program nmcp uses two malaria surveillance systems. Data quality monitoring and surveillance system evaluation. I outline the communicable disease centers first surveillance systems for malaria, poliomyelitis, and influenza. The surveillance case definition requires diagnosis in the united states. This compendium is designed for national malaria program nmp personnel, who need to learn sme skills quickly and apply them immediately to their work. Evaluation of malaria surveillance system in kano state, nigeria.
Developing software to automate the workflow steps while remaining robust to continual changes in the input data streams was a key technical challenge. Routine malaria surveillance data is useful for assessing incidence and trends over time, and in stratification for targeting of malaria control. Other programmes may find it more manageable to monitor the efficacy of firstline medicines at all sites during the first year. Pdf on sep 30, 2017, agboeze joseph and others published evaluation of malaria surveillance system ebonyi state find, read and cite all. An evaluation of the performance of surveillance systems in 16 countries was conducted to identify key gaps which could be addressed to build effective systems for malaria elimination. Evaluation methods for malaria this track includes modules on basic con cepts of evaluation, statistical concepts, process evaluation, impact evaluation, and practical applications of evaluation in malaria programs.
Evaluation of the malaria surveillance system in kaduna. If you already have a username and password, please use it to login. Poor surveillance data will prevent countries from monitoring progress towards elimination and targeting interventions to the last remaining atrisk places. They have increased steadily in number and sophistication as systems for data collection, analysis, and communication have grown. Evaluation of other surveillance system attributes is highly recommended. Subsaharan africa carries a high share of the global malaria burden. It is crucial to identify weakness and strengths of the surveillance system and provide decision makers with evidencebased data to decide on its future and continuity. Facilitating surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation in. Integrating malaria surveillance with climate data for. Regional and global trends in malaria cases and deaths 32 6.
As mcn is a surveillance system to support malaria elimination, response time is a. Case investigations are conducted by local and state health departments, and reports are transmitted to cdc through the national malaria surveillance system, national notifiable diseases surveillance system, or direct cdc consultations. This course provides a comprehensive introduction to sme of malaria programs. Evaluation of malaria surveillance system in kano state. National malaria surveillance system healthy people 2020. The information is used for planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating malaria programmes.
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